According to industry analysis, China's automobile exports are expected to exceed 6.7 million units in 2025, but escalating trade barriers in Europe and the US pose significant challenges. The EU has imposed a 17%-35.5% tariff on Chinese electric vehicles and will require a "battery passport" starting from 2027. The US has even raised tariffs on electric vehicles to 100%, resulting in Chinese electric vehicle exports to the US accounting for less than 2% of total exports. Additionally, technical standards such as the EU's REACH regulation and PoPs disposal requirements have raised compliance thresholds.

In response to these challenges, Chinese automakers are accelerating localized layouts. BYD has built a factory in Thailand with an annual production capacity of 150,000 units; Chery has established a joint venture factory with Spanish enterprises to cover Southern Europe; and Geely plans for 50% of its overseas sales to come from localized production by 2030. The coordinated overseas expansion of the industrial chain has become a trend: CATL has built a battery factory in Hungary, and NIO has invested in building an energy system locally. These measures help avoid tariffs and adapt to regional technical standards by being closer to the market.